Routers direct data traffic between devices over a network efficiently.

A network switch connects devices, managing data flow within a network.

Hubs broadcast data to all devices in a network simultaneously.

Firewalls protect networks by monitoring and controlling incoming/outgoing traffic.

Media converters connect different network media types, like fiber and copper.

Repeaters amplify signals to extend the range of a network.

Access points provide wireless connectivity, extending network access for devices.

Bridges connect and filter traffic between two or more network segments.

Gateways connect different networks, translating protocols to enable communication.

Modems convert digital data to analog signals and vice versa for internet access.

Powerline networking uses electrical wiring to transmit data between devices.

Transceivers transmit and receive data signals over various communication media.